Sinjar insurgency
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"We may come there overnight, all of a sudden," warned President Recep Tayyib Erdogan.Įrdogan's veiled threat, in turn, gave an excuse to pro-Iran Hashed factions to insist on staying in Sinjar. In January, Ankara upped the ante, bombing a mountainous region close to Sinjar and hinting it could invade. "Turkey is watching Sinjar - and it's seeing the PKK grow more powerful there," said Tah, the analyst. The PKK's role also infuriates Ankara, which calls it a "terrorist" group for its decades-long insurgency in Turkey and has crossed into Iraq to bomb the PKK. The KRG is irked by the presence of the Kurdistan Workers' Party (PKK), a rival faction operating in north Iraq for decades and whose Syrian branch helped fight IS in Sinjar. On the one hand, the autonomous Kurdish regional government (KRG) claims Sinjar is within its zone of control. "It's in a very complicated and tense situation - and that could lead to an explosion at any time," he told AFP. "Sinjar today is a zone that brings together all the conflicting agendas and rival parties of the region. No one in Sinjar wants to let go of the influence they've earned there," said Yassin Tah, an analyst based in the region. "The reality on the ground is stronger than these agreements. In an effort to kick-start reconstruction and get displaced Yazidis home, the Sinjar Agreement reached in October stipulated that the only arms in the area should be those of the federal government. This fractious patchwork of forces delayed Sinjar's revival: the federal government had barely any presence there and international aid groups were wary of investing.
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Iran-backed units from within the Iraqi Hashed al-Shaabi network of militias also took surrounding territory. Sinjar was retaken from IS in 2015 by fighters from the autonomous Kurdistan region's Peshmerga and from Syrian Kurdish units, backed by the US-led coalition. "Sinjar's people are terrified that clashes will break out," he told AFP as he drove from his hometown in Sinjar into the adjacent Kurdish region to rent an apartment in case he needed to flee an escalation. "We're living in the middle of so many different threats," said one of them, 46-year-old Faisal Saleh. The tensions have terrified the few Yazidis who returned to their ruined towns, only to face the spectre of a new displacement.